X x x x x



A. E. OSBORN. REVERSE GEAR I NG. Fl LED AUG. 25. l 920.

3 SHEETSSHEET l Patented Jan. 9, 1923.

UNITED d'lh'l' "l Maul nnvnnsn Guanine.

Application filed. August 25, 1920. Eerial No. 405,935.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALDEN E. OsnonN, a citizen of the United States of ilrmerica, and a. resident of New York, county of Bronx, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful lu'iproveinents in liloverse Gearing, of which the 'liollovvingg; a specification.

llhis 'lllVBIltiGll relates to reversing rnechanisni of a type in which the gears are normally out of engagement but are slid sideways into engagement at the time when it is desired that the driven shalt he turned in the reverse direction to tie driving shaft and it provides especially for the automatic engagement of a suitable friction clutch be tween the prime mover and the driving shatt in proper relation to the movement of the gears, and to the engagement of a positive jaw-clutch adapted to loch: the drivingand driven shafts together. The parts; are so interconnected. that they are hrou t, in proper sequence, into the diil ercnt '1. ative positions that will give the various desired movements oil. the driven shalt, in relation to the driving shaft, hy the motion of a single collar thru actuating lever. While this gear is particularly suited for use in motor heats it can he adapted for other par-- p ses Where it is desired to connect a driven element to a driving element so that it Will he driven in the same or in the opposite dircction. r

In the accompanying}; drawings 1 have, for the purposes oi. disclosure. illustrated the invention en'ihodied in two tYtt'erent 'l ornui and would have it understood that it is :mscepti le or einhodnnent in still other forms withou t departure from the true spirit and serum ol the invention as 1" nod in the appended claims. In these drawings l ligure 1 represents a longitudinal sectional view of one form of my invention.

Figure 2 represents a cross sectional view of the mecluiinism illustrated in flit-in ure 1 taken on a line of the gear system, and

liigurc 3 represei'its a longitudinal sectional view of a modification oi: the mechanism shown in Figure 1.

Similar numerals of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to Figured. 10 indicates the shaft oi? the ensi'ine or other eriviirq device which sha'lt ca es the llv wheel "hitch 'l hiacasiunj l5 con... 1 clutch. adapted to connector disconnect, as

earn no; '1 o.

required, the main driving shaft or element EBOct the reverse gear mechanism with the primary driving shaft just referred to. The friction clutch is shown as comprising a single driven disc 11 fastened to the driving shalt and a co-operating lriction face on the casing; 15 and on a. movahle disc '16 which disc is slidahly carried by plate 1? at-.

tached to the casing 15 and is brought into contact with the disc 11 by the expansion of the clutch dogs 12 which, are pivoted on the plate 17 and act on the disc thru the medium oi the collar 18 and clutch adjusting nut 19 threaded thereon. In order to e):- pand the clutch dogs 12, when it desired to engage the clutch, a spool 13 is provided Which is made with a large diameter shoulder at each end so that when it is moved to either extreme of its movement the clutch would he engaged. It should he clearly undo]. .ood that the friction clutch mechanism just described can he modified in many Ways and particularly that a number 01: il'llClllOTl discs may-he used on ft) and carrie. i idly fixed on. its out side arournil the jarrcl .tch, the driving; irear 3U oi the reverse gg eai." system. The lan clutch on this .--....eeve l l designed to mesh with the jaw-clutch on the driven. element of the gear, the sleeve a l, which is attached to the prooeiler shaft or other device it is desired to drive, and rotates in a hearing; in the stationary gear enclosing casing 41:5. The end of the reverse gear or driving shatt 520 is supported by a hearing in the interior of this sleeve a l While the exterior of the sleeve is provided with keys fitting in lreyvvays in the hub of the driven gear oi the reverse ear :i so that this gear, While tree to slide. in turn with the sleeve. As: this gear l0 sir snnultaneously with the gear jaw- 4D clutch sleeve l4: and tlriction clutch spool fill. is roupled to the gear by a ring; 31 stair-Wed, urto this gear 30 and littlng in a (being hroachedto lit he s on the groove in the hub of the gear 40. To put this ring in place it is, after being finished, sawed thru one side and sprung into the groove like a piston ring. In order to slide the gears av suitable collar 24 .is arranged to engage a groove in the spool 13 and is actuated by any desired arrangement of levers or other parts as the means for shiftin the spool is not a part of my invention. en the parts arein a position to give the reverse motion to the sleeve 44 the gear is meshed with an intermediate gear 32 (shown in Figure 2) mounted on suitable bearings on the casing 45 which gear 32 in turn mesheswith a second wider intermediate gear also mounted on suitable bearings in the casing 45, that transmits the power back to the driven gear 40. The direction of rotation of these gearswhen the reverse is in action is shown by the arrows in Figure The operation of this form of my invention is as follows: The parts in Figure l.

i are shown in the position they assume when the direct forwarddrive is in action. At this time boththe friction clutch and the jaw-clutch are-engaged and the gears 30 I and 40 are completely out of mesh with their cofac ting intermediate gears on the casing 45,, "thus driving the propeller shaft, or other desired part, directly from the engine without an idle arts in motion. To obtain neutral the'jaw-clutch sleeve and attached parts, are moved forward so that the friction clutch is released, by the clutch dogs 12 coming off the large diameter end of the spool 13, without, however, bringing the jaw-clutch teeth on the sleeves 14 and 44 out of mesh so that the forward drive can be again put-in without re-engaging these teeth. To obtain the reverse the control lever is moved so as to throw the sleeve 14, and accompanying parts, all the Way forward with the r'esiilt that1st, the jawclutch is disengaged. 2nd, the driven gear 40 is en aged with its ('.oucting gear 33 on the casing 45 (thus connecting the intermediate gears to the driven sleeve 44 and bringing them tothe same speed.) 3rd, the driving gear 30 is next meshed with its co-acting gear 32 on the casin thus bringing this ear 30, the jSLW ClllfiC sleeve 14, the driving shaft 20 and the clutch disc 11 into drivin connection with the driven sleeve 44; an 4th, the second clutch engaging end of'the spool 13 comes into the clutch dogs 12 thus engagin the friction surfaces with the disc 11" and riving the parts from the engine when they are thus all in a position to turn the sleeve 44 and parts connected thereto backward. It will. thus be noticed that the engagement of the gears when going into reverse occurs in such a way that they will not be injured even when it is done under the most unfavorable conditions whilzx when going from reverse to forward motion,

the gears are simply slid out of mesh and the jaw-clutch engaged which, of course. occurs with the parts disconnected from the engine by the friction clutch being released. The spring 21 on the hub of the gear 40 and sprin 22 in the clutch spool 13 are provided in ort er to permit meshing of the jaw-clutch or ears should the driven sleeve 44 of tie mechanism be stationary. Thus if it is desired to obtain the forward drive and the teeth of the jaw-clutch should happen to come into contact on their ends in such a way that they cannot be meshed the effect of pressure on the shifting collar 24 is to compress the spring 22 and allow the clutch spool to expand the clutch dogs 1.2 thus slightly engaging the friction clutch and turning the jaw-clutch sleeve ll so that the jaw-clutch teeth can go into proper enga ement. Again, when going into reverse, siould the ends of the teeth on the gears 33 and 40 happen to come together the spring 21 would be compressed to a suiiicient extent to allow the teeth on the gears 30 and 32 to mesh or come together at their ends, accordin to the relative position of these gears, when the spring 22 would be compressed to llow the spool 13 to act on the clutch dogs 12 to engage the friction clutch to turn the gears sufliclently to allow them to mesh properly. It will be observed that the spring 21 for the gear 40 need only act in one direction and is therefore fitted with one loose washer 2 while the spring 22 for the clutch spool 13 acts in both di rections and is therefore provided with a thrust washer and 26 at each end. 'lhcse springs also permit the movement of the clutch spool 13 so that the friction clutch can be released when the jaw clutch or gears are en aged and so much power is being transmitted that the driving pressure on the parts is so great as to prevent their longitudinal movement.

In the modification shown in Figure it all the parts are practically the same as in the form of my invention just described exce t the gearing used for the reverse and the arrangement of the shifting collar 24 which is outside the casing 45 and adjacent to the clutch dogs. The gearing differs in that the driven gear 40 is of the internal type and is arranged to mesh with a series of intermediate pinions 32 rotatably mounted on the casing 45 and adapted to mesh directly with the driving gear 30. Thus when the gears are in mesh the rotation of the driving gear obviously causes the driven internal gear and parts connected thereto to rotate in the reverse direction as with the previouslv described gear system. It is obvious that one or several intermediate pinions can he used without affecting the way in which the power is trai; inii'trd, The operation of this form of my invention is exactly the same as that menses previously described and can be reedily understood.

Having thus described my inventioin claim es new and desire to eeeere hv .liettors Potent 1'. in e transmission gel-bring the coinhimition of primary driving niemhein, e d element end it driven element, it Fri clutch edepted to connect or disc met; primary driving member end driving; element, at longitudinellv slidehie member having; two spaced clutch engine cams. controllehle means for moving Sitj .Ldehlc member, :1 sleeve within said slidelne memhe' and longitudinzill v slidiihle on the driw ins; element {tn d. e sp]: between said s idehle nieinhin' rind saii .leeve whereby s: d sleeve is moved nornnilly with sane, slidihle memheii Without s being (tOTlPlGedGCl end \vi'iereby, should so. d sleeve he iteined :l'roin free movement, it is compressed by the move-- ment of the slid-able member so that one oi? said clutch operating cems can engage said :lriction clutch and revolve seid driving element and sleeve with said primary driving member.

2. In a transmission groaning the C Fdnl3i1l2l tion of a primary driving member, e di' ing element, and :1 driven element. a friction clutch sdep ted. to connect or discoimee" Sit-hi primary driving memheii' and ssid driving element, it longitudinally slidehlo memher having spaced clutch engaging; cams, eontrollehle means acting thereon lior moving; said slidahle member, s sleeve Within said slidsfble member and longitudinelly slidesle on the driving element, and e sprii said. slidehle member and said normally move SftlCl sleeve with sztd able member withorrsaid spring hein pressd end to, should said sleeve he deteined :rom tree longitudinal movement, allow, l3} its compression, the slideble memhe to move independently of the sleeve and bring one oi the eluteh operitii (Jitli'lS on said memher to e, position to @HQWYLH said friction clutch end rew'ilve said vi; 5 element :tllll sleeve W. h said n one driving; :mnnher.

5. lie u-t.':n1sn'iissioi hiring}; the emnhime tion of a, primary drh n5; member, s driving element, and e drive/1'1 element it its tion elnteh adapted to connect or disconnect said prim-dry driving member and ssid driving element it longitudinally slidahle men her having; it clutch engaging cann eontrollehle moons acting thereon tor movir fl member, sleeve Within i .'d slidehle her and longitndii'iellv s ale on the i ins; element postive chi eh teeti on se sleeve, positive clutch teeth on the (ll'li elemenh adopted to mesh with the h h on the sleeve, end it ring; between said endshle ineniljwr and said sleeve to norinnllv more re I i sleeve with l siidehh? illtllllldi without szu' i. spring h Y seid sleeve mid into mesh" end ln s trensmission hinntion oi. e prinisi v drinnp; member e; diiving element, end 21, iv'en elei'nenf friction clutch adapted to eonnec; or disconnect id. g nrii try divin nie end seid drivii r elemi-int, e lee ii i hle member hevi ems eontrol l ehl ing member id slid z1- hle r nher end 1 audinell y shdehle on the driving; eleme. said sleeve; end sh 'hle therewith, e gem eonneeted with the driven element end e spring between said slidehle member end seidf sleeve to nornisliy move s id sleeve h said sliihi-hle ineinhein, iv ioiit spring heing compressed when sold teeth are lOlOl' mesh and said sleeve he detained :trom i. tuiilinzl movi'z-ment by the ends of seid teeth shutting; slow, by compress-imp i the slidehle member to move independently of thesleeve end h: the clinch operate in em on id member e, no tron to enwe sand LllClJlOll clutch and revolve seid d "ivmp; element, said sleeve and. sold gees eoiinected thereto with sand primer-y driving member.

5. ln tr nsmission "eerizh the com tion oil it prnnerji d 'tving n A element, and a driven elemenh irietion (tlflliill edepted to connect or discoimect said primerv drivii'le member av said drivine' e nent 2i loi'igitndiholly s leaving; chtoh engyje n (itil'l mesns z g; thereon "or mo her, it sleeve lOll iv driving; elemen' e I t positi id sleeve, positive dutch teeth on dieven element edepted to mesh with teeth on the i-ileeve it gem conneeted the sleeve am d shitteliile therewith e iii the driven elemen e tioniu'y frame {hairs rotstehly mounted on j said frame, end at sping between sold hie member and said sleeve to norms 111 ve said sleeve with Sill ole ineeil without said s rin being compressed vul either seid p sitive clutch teeth on sleeve and driven element or seid teeth went eonneeted to the SlulliKl :ind drivni elem hron ht into :snesh v. t-h sari-l gem on d "3 v i! innit. Mlli should ssi tinned z'rimi liree lon itddnn movement by either the ends of said positive clutch teeth abutting or by the ends of the teeth of said gears abutting, allow, by its compression, the slidablc member to move independently of the sleeve and bring that clutch operating cam controlling the iriction clutch for the teeth which are abutting into a position to engage said clutch and revolve said driving element, said sleeve and said gear connected thereto with said primary drivingmember.

6. In a transmission gearing the combination of a primary driving member, a driving element, and a driven element, a friction clutch adapted to connect or disconnect said; primary driving member and driv ing element, a sleeve longitudinally slidable on the driving element, controllable means for moving said sleeve, a gear longitudinally slidable on the driven element, a stationary frame, a gear rotatably mounted on said frame, means for transmitting the motion of the driving element to said stationary frame gear, and a spring between said sleeve and said gear on the driven element to normally move said gear with said sleeve, without said spring being compressed, when the teeth on said gear mesh with the teeth of the gear on the stationary fame, and to, should said gear on the driven element be detained from free longitudinal movement by the ends of said gear teeth abutting, allow, by its compression, the sleeve to move independently of the said driven element gear and means whereby said independent movement of said sleeve engages said friction clutch and revolves said driving element,-said sleeve and said gear on the stationary frame by the rotation of said primary driving member.

7. In a transmission gearing the combination of a primary driving member, a (ll'l"- ing element, and a driven element, a friction clutch adapted to connect or disconnect said primary driving member and said driving element, a sleeve longitudinally slidable on the driving element, controllable means for moving said sleeve, a gear longitudinally slidable on the driven element, a stationary frame, a gear rotatably mounted on said frame, means for transmitting motion of thedriving element to said stationing said sleeve on the driving element to said gear-on the driven element whereby to move said gear along said driven element by the longitudinal movemnt of said sleeve and bring said gear into or out of mesh with the gear on the stationary frame and means whereby, when said sleeve is moved to bring said gears into mesh, the said friction clutch is engaged to connect the primary driving member and the driving element.

8. In a transmission gearing the con'ibinaary frame gear, means for rotatably attach-- tion of a primary driving member. a driving element, and a driven element, a friction clutch adapted to connect or disconnect Mild primary driving member and said driving element. a sleeve longitudinally slidable on the driving element, positive clutch teeth on said sleeve, positive clutch teeth on said driven element adapted to mesh with the teeth on the sleeve, a gear connected with the sleeve and shiftable therewith, a gear longitudinally slidable on the driven element, a stationary frame, a gear rotatably mounted on said frame, means for rotatably attaching said sleeve on the driving element to said gear on the driven element whereby to move said gear along said driven element by the longitudinal movement of said sleeve. controllable means for moving said sleeve to engage its positive clutch teeth with the positive clutch teeth on said driven element or to engage the gear on the driving element with the gear on the stationary frame and also bring its connected gear into driving connection with said gear on the stationary frame and means whereby when said sleeve so moved to bring said positive clutch teeth into mesh or when said sleeve is moved to bring said gears into mesh, the said frirtion clutch is engaged to connect the primary driving member and the driving element.

9. In a transmission gearing. the combination of a driving element, a driven element, a gear longitudinally slidable on the driving element, a gear longitudinally slidahle on the driven element, a stationary frame, a gear rotatably mounted on said frame, means for transmitting the motion of said driving element to said stationary frame gear, and means, between the two gears, for rotatably attaching said gear on the driving element to said gear on the driven element whereby to move said gear on the driven element longitudinally by the longitudinal movement of the said driving element gear and bring said driven element gear into or out of mesh with the gear on the stationary frame.

it). In a transmission gearing the ((M1)- bination of a driving element. a driven clement. a gear longitudinally slidable on the driving element, a gear longitudinally slidable on the driven element. and means. within the said gear on the driving element, for rotatably attaching said gear to said gear on the driven element whereby the longitudinal. movement of one of said gears is transmitted to the other said gear.

11. In a transmission gearing the combination of a driving element, a driven ele ment, a gear longitudinally slidable on the said driving element. a gear longitudinally slidable on the driven element, and means for rotatably attaching said gear on the driving element to said gear on the driven element. whereby' the longitudinal movement of one of said gears is transmitted to ll ii the other gear, comprioi hub of one of oeid rent to mesh with the clutch teeth. on. the sleeve, controllable means for engaging or disco gaging solid friction clutch, end it connect-v ing means, to longitiidinell v slide seid sleeve, between soqi friction clutch control-- ling moons and mid sleeve, conteining on elastic element whereby said sleeve normally moved, without eeid el ic element coming into action by mid lrietlon clutch controlling means, inn; Skiltl xive clutch teeth are engaged, and whereby, should said sleeve be deteinecl from tree longitudinal. movement by the ends of eeid positive clutch teeth ehutting, eaid triction clutch control-- ling means can move, thru the action of eeid elastic element, and operate to engage eeicl friction clutch to cause SHL-lCl driving element to rotate with said driving member.

13. In a transmission. gearing; the coin loinzition of at primary driving member, zidriving element, and a driven element, friction clutch adapted to connect or disconnect said primary driving member and said deriving element, a 1011 l t'll'llilltilly sl dehle sleeve on one of mid elements, positive clutch teeth on said sleeve, positive clutch teeth on the other said element from that carrying the. sleeve and adopted to mesh with the clutch teeth on the sleeve, con rolloj'ole means lier engaging 01' dieeir e said friction clutch, and e connecting; me I to longitudinally slide said sleeve, between. said friction clutch controlling moons and said sleeve, containing an elastic element whereby said sleeve normally moved, Without said elastic element coming into 2lC- tion, by said. friction clutch controllrcr means, and. whereby, Should so l sleeve he detained from :trcelongitudinal movement by the drivlrq pressure thereon, eeid rietion-clutchcon. rolling moons; con move, t o.

the action Oil eeicl elastic element, and oper-- q 1 i rate to disengage eaid liriction clutch end allow eeid driving" member to rotete independently o6. eeid driving element,

1.4;. In it transmission the cone hinetion of e primar v' driving member, it

said lilo th e t h w.

and mi elements and tidal .tT the loo-- p-itudinol elidelile nieolio tor orig: e; se friction to clutch, or i, one, i .ertodr nellv slide elidehle llflflClIlOll clutch controll L COl'lijft'lnlll a, between one and rot it Wherelrv 51d gear l ithont said '75 elo "1c elr 1, Toy the Field friction clot l more end the W331 d site 51c motion l e rate to cone drit oeid dr mom cont. elf eeid gage cord i nieirl her,

elemel 1W said driving; eleroei elale r el" on one elf eeid ele ren er v 1 1111116, 2:. peer rote. stationery :treroc and 2t the lon 'tudiioell v elid trensin inp; motion l e frame gear and the other of the Sttitl. rnentei'roni thet lievine; tliio longitudinal elidehle rreer, controllable liner e f ing or d id friction c o conner ll arid sold slidehle gear, clutch controlling ineono end mid groin), eon- 1 teining an elastic element Where is norroellv moved, Without inent CUllllJ' into ziction, lav or. i. clutch cor rolling rneene, end should said elirlohle p or he detat pressure the trolling" inezrn 3' t ole 1 iirltt ieiieliier to row element. witneee whereoi hand this Lie .d. rl 

